Interstellar Updates

 

These are items of interest to the interstellar exploration community that we’ve found in our quest for information that will help us advance toward our goals.  If you know of anything we’ve overlooked, or any sources of such information we should monitor, or if you would like to be added to our IRG-updates mailing list and receive these updates in you email every weekday, please send that information to info@irg.space.

You can now search our database of interstellar updates and find items of interest to you.

December 19, 2025 updates

A second planetesimal collision in the Fomalhaut system
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adu6266

Three eruptions at the Fagradalsfjall Volcano in Iceland show rapid and predictable microbial community establishment
https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-025-09044-1

Astrometric view of companions in the inner dust cavities of protoplanetary discs
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.00157

An Ancient Brown Dwarf Transiting a Metal-Poor Thick Disk Star
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.06069

A Carbon-rich Atmosphere on a Windy Pulsar Planet
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2041-8213/ae157c

An in-situ 3D elemental imager for planetary missions based on active neutron interrogation
https://www.nature.com/articles/s44453-025-00012-x

Compressibility and strength of pebble piles
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2025/12/aa56254-25/aa56254-25.html

The formation and structure of iron-dominated planetesimals
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2025/12/aa54674-25/aa54674-25.html

N-body interactions and collisions in circumstellar disks for planar and inclined binary star configurations
https://academic.oup.com/mnras/advance-article/doi/10.1093/mnras/staf2230/8383414

A Bayesian Analysis of Abiogenesis in the Light of Recent Data from K2-18b
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2515-5172/ae2d50

TIC 318249571.01: A New Hot-Jupiter Transiting Planet Candidate from TESS Data
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2515-5172/ae2de9

Hard X-Ray Emission in AU Mic Flares: A Minor Contributor to Planetary Atmospheric Escape
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ae1971

Goals and trends in space exploration: An overview of the panel on exploration sessions at the committee on space research general assembly 2024
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214552425001488

Understanding the chemistry of temperate exoplanets atmospheres: A study of oxidized organic compounds as precursors of photochemical condensates
https://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EPSC2024/EPSC2024-218.html

Observing spatial and temporal variations in the atmospheric chemistry of rocky exoplanets: prospects for mid-infrared spectroscopy
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.16619

Probing thermal gradients of habitable-zone rocky planets using direct imaging as an anti-indicator of a global surface ocean
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.16575

Transformational astrophysics and exoplanet science with Habitable Worlds Observatory’s High Resolution Imager
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.16416

Understanding the chemistry of temperate exoplanets atmospheres through experimental and numerical simulations
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.16421

Maximizing the sensitivity of ELT to habitable worlds with a space-based starshade
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.16361

An Improved Machine Learning Approach for RFI Mitigation in FAST-SETI Survey Archival Data
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.15809

A JWST Transmission Spectrum of the Temperate Sub-Neptune TOI-732 c
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.15844

Axisymmetric Modeling of DSHARP Dusty Disks: Asymmetric Structures and Inner-Disk Dispersal
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.16091

Discovery of a rapidly evolving global magnetic field in the M-dwarf YZ Cet and constraints on the magnetic field of its planet YZ Cet b
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.16298

A Radio Search for Star-Planet Interaction in TOI-540 and SPECULOOS-3
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.16852

JWST/NIRSpec Detects Warm CO Emission in the Terrestrial-Planet Zone of HD 131488
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.11972

The Emergence of Prebiotic Chemistry in the ISM
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.14772

Photon Dynamics and Collision Risks in Relativistic Spaceflight: A Comparative Study of Methods and Implications
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.08447

Low-Power Solar Sail Control using In-Plane Forces from Tunable Buckling of Kirigami Films
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.13596

Deployable Prototype Testing and Control Allocation of the CABLESSail Concept for Solar Sail Shape Control and Momentum Management
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.13493

Sequential Convex Programming for Multimode Spacecraft Trajectory Optimization
https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.19505

Propellantless space exploration
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.21743

Pre-perihelion evolution of the NiI/FeI abundance ratio in the coma of the interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS: From extreme to normal
https://arxiv.org/html/2509.26053v2

Cyanobacteria Under UV Radiation: General Insights into Stress Responses
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12652804/

Fungal–Mineral Interaction: Astrobiology Insights from Iron-Rich Mineral Alteration by an Extremophile Black Fungus
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jacsau.5c01365

A Multidisciplinary Perspective on Interstellar, Interplanetary, and Intergalactic Travel
https://spj.science.org/doi/10.34133/space.0440

The Passive Intelligence Receiver (PIR) Model: A Framework for Silent Extraterrestrial Artifacts
https://zenodo.org/records/17936904

Matching the Alcubierre and Minkowski spacetimes
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.12541

December 18, 2025 updates

Mars Orbit Anomaly of Interstellar Object 3I/ATLAS between 9 October and 25 November 2025
https://zenodo.org/records/17966442

Mechanism for water formation on rocky exoplanets demonstrated in the lab
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-025-04015-2

Vibrationally excited H2 muting the He I triplet line at 1.08 μm on warm exo-Neptunes
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2025/12/aa58117-25/aa58117-25.html

DDO Photometry and the NASA ExEP Star List (2023 Version) for the Habitable Worlds Observatory Mission
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2515-5172/ae2d23

Fractionation of heavier species in the hydrogen atmosphere. Asymptotic approach
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0032063325001990

Satellites and Small Bodies With ALMA: Insights Into Solar System Formation and Evolution
https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2025AV001778

Subsurface Life on Earth as a Key to Unlock Extraterrestrial Mysteries
https://enviromicro-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1751-7915.70286

The Future of Evolved Planetary Systems
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.14774

Why the Northern Hemisphere Needs a 30-40 m Telescope and the Science at Stake. How do Planetary Systems Form?
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.14782

Why the Northern Hemisphere Needs a 30-40m Telescope and the Science at Stake: from Interstellar Visitors to Planetary Defence
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.14785

A Comparison of 1D and 3D Exoplanet Atmosphere Model Grids: ScCHIMERA and the SPARC/MITgcm
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.14882

Modeling of Collisional Outcomes Based on Impact Simulations of Mars-sized Bodies
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.15136

December 17, 2025 updates

Are Humans Alone in the Cosmos?
https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1444/16/12/1589

Null Result of Entropic-Temporal Coupling in Interstellar Objects
https://zenodo.org/records/17946138

Challenges in the detection of gases in exoplanet atmospheres
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-025-02730-4

Dust back reaction on gas around planets modifies the cold thermal torque
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2025/12/aa52971-24/aa52971-24.html

Giant planet evolution with MESA
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2025/12/aa56537-25/aa56537-25.html

Knobs and dials of retrieving JWST transmission spectra II. Impacts of pipeline-level differences on retrieval posteriors
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2025/12/aa56553-25/aa56553-25.html

Searching for GEMS: TOI-5349 b is a Saturn-like Planet Orbiting a Metal-rich Early M Dwarf
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ae16a2

Unexpected Near-Resonant and Metastable States of Young Multiplanet Systems
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ae173c

The Detection-versus-retrieval Challenge: Titan as an Exoplanet
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2041-8213/ae27c2

The two-dimensional structure of circumplanetary disks and their radiative signatures
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019103525004610

The next frontier in exoplanet science: Imaging our neighbouring planetary systems
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.13756

Evolving the Loeb Scale
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.13743

Direct imaging characterization of cool gaseous planets
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.13766

Hot Jupiters in Old Wide-Binary Systems
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.13773

Doomed Worlds II: Reassessing Suggestions of Orbital Decay for TrES-5 b
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.13937

The quest for Magrathea planets. II. Orbital stability of exoplanets formed around double white dwarfs
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.14460

Detection of CO, CO, and HO in the atmosphere of the warm sub-Saturn HAT-P-12b
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.18722

December 16, 2025 updates

On the Plausibility of Intelligent Life on Other Worlds: A Cognitive-Semiotic Assessment of fi · fc · L
https://read.dukeupress.edu/environmental-humanities/article/9/2/433/133027/On-the-Plausibility-of-Intelligent-Life-on-Other

Geometric Propulsion via Controlled Energy Field Gradients: A Theoretical Framework within Cosmic Energy Inversion CEIT Theory
https://www.academia.edu/145259211/Geometric_Propulsion_via_Controlled_Energy_Field_Gradients_A_Theoretical_Framework_within_Cosmic_Energy_Inversion_CEIT_Theory

CoronaGraph Instrument Reference Stars for Exoplanets (CorGI-REx). I. Preliminary Vetting and Implications for the Roman Coronagraph and Habitable Worlds Observatory
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ae1d68

Irradiated Atmospheres. IV. Effect of Mixing Heat Flux on Chemistry
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ae1962

Characterization of the Host Binary of the Directly Imaged Exoplanet HD 143811 AB b
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2041-8213/ae1a67

A Compact Multiplanet System of Three Transiting Giant Planets around TIC 118798035
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2041-8213/ae2603

Doomed Worlds. II. Reassessing Suggestions of Orbital Decay for TrES-5 b
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/PSJ/ae1b9c

Aperture-averaged Polarimetry of the Second Interstellar Comet 3I/ATLAS within the Snow Line
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2515-5172/ae2b6b

From Earths to Super-Earths: Five New Small Planets Transiting M Dwarf Stars
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.11971

X-ray Evolution of Young Stars: Early Dimming and Coronal Softening in Solar-Mass Stars with Implications for Planetary Atmospheres
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.12055

A Comprehensive Sulfur Chemistry Network with Excited S(1D) and SO(1Δ) for XODIAC Photochemical Model: Validation on Venus and Implications for Exo-Venus Atmospheres
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.12270

Transients as Determinants of Habitability
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.12456

December 15, 2025 Updates

The Paradox Within the Paradox: Why “Where Is Everybody?” Might Be the Wrong Question
https://philpapers.org/rec/TEITPW

A5 3 Theoretical Feasibility of a BH-Powered Starship
https://journals.le.ac.uk/index.php/pst/article/view/5125

CPI-C: Cool Planet Imaging Coronagraph on Chinese Space Station Survey Telescope
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.11292

JWST-TST High Contrast: Medium-resolution spectroscopy reveals a carbon-rich circumplanetary disk around the young accreting exoplanet Delorme 1 AB b
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2025/12/aa56792-25/aa56792-25.html

Sublimation-Propelled Interstellar Transport Using Differentiated Cometary Bodies
https://osf.io/w23nv/overview

JWST/NIRCam observations of HD 92945 debris disk: An asymmetric disk with a gap
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2025/12/aa55602-25/aa55602-25.html

ExoDNN: Boosting exoplanet detection with artificial intelligence: Application to Gaia Data Release 3
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2025/12/aa55598-25/aa55598-25.html

Was the Solar System’s dynamical instability triggered by a (sub)stellar flyby?
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0019103525004580

Evidence for No Orbital Decay in the Hot Jupiter XO-3b from Transit-timing Analysis
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2515-5172/ae2a24

Is the Anti-tail of 3I/ATLAS Composed of Macroscopic Non-volatile Objects?
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2515-5172/ae2b56

The Eschatian Hypothesis
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2515-5172/ae2adf

The Library of Exoplanet Atmospheric Composition Measurements: Population-level Trends in Exoplanet Composition with ExoComp
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ae1b8e

Machine Learning for Radial Velocity Analysis. I. Vision Transformers as a Robust Alternative for Detecting Planetary Candidates
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ae1115

Is Dark Energy Changing? Probing the Universe’s Expansion with Present and Future Astronomical Probes
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ae1294

JWST NIRSpec finds no clear signs of an atmosphere on TOI-1685 b
https://academic.oup.com/mnras/advance-article/doi/10.1093/mnras/staf2187/8378092?searchresult=1

Mean Opacity Tables for Probing the Interior and Atmosphere of Giant Planets
https://academic.oup.com/mnras/advance-article/doi/10.1093/mnras/staf2205/8378088?searchresult=1

The effects of stellar activity cycles on planetary atmospheric escape and the He i 1083 nm transit signature
https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/545/2/staf1855/8379972?searchresult=1