Interstellar Updates

 

These are items of interest to the interstellar exploration community that we’ve found in our quest for information that will help us advance toward our goals.  If you know of anything we’ve overlooked, or any sources of such information we should monitor, or if you would like to be added to our IRG-updates mailing list and receive these updates in you email every weekday, please send that information to info@irg.space.

You can now search our database of interstellar updates and find items of interest to you.

January 27, 2026 updates

The SCG-HMH Spaceship: A Regenerative, Self-Sustaining Starship Powered by Recycled Entropy and Stellar Heat (conceptual design – not a working prototype)
https://zenodo.org/records/18382317

The mass density of interstellar objects in the Solar neighbourhood and its Galactic implications
https://zenodo.org/records/18346998

Possible favored great oxidation event scenario on exoplanets around M-stars with the example of TRAPPIST-1e
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/s41598-026-37144-3

Cosmic–climatic futures: interstellar objects, solar variability, and planetary consciousness (2027–2032)
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40309-026-00264-0

Rapid Response Missions to Interstellar Objects Using Lyapunov Wait-in-Orbit Constellations
https://arc.aiaa.org/doi/10.2514/1.A36446

The SPIRou Legacy Survey: Detection of a nearby world orbiting in the habitable zone of Gl 725B achieved by correcting strong telluric contamination in near-infrared radial velocities with wapiti https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2026/01/aa55469-25/aa55469-25.html

SPIRou detects two planets around the nearby M4.5V star GJ 4274
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2026/01/aa57666-25/aa57666-25.html

Tighter constraints on the atmosphere of GJ 436 b from combined high-resolution CARMENES and CRIRES+ observations
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2026/01/aa57570-25/aa57570-25.html

A Cool Earth-sized Planet Candidate Transiting a Tenth Magnitude K-dwarf From K2
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2041-8213/adf06f

Modeling the Impact of Unresolved Stellar Companions on Detection Sensitivity in Kepler’s Small-planet Occurrence Rates
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ae2ead

Post-Perihelion Integral Field Spectroscopy of the Interstellar Comet 3I/ATLAS
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.16983

Exoplanets beyond the Conservative Habitable Zone. I. Habitability
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ae21d7

Effect of different Non-Gravitational accelerations on the trajectory of Interstellar Comet 3I/ATLAS
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.17083

Evolution of Stellar Activity and Habitable Zone II: Ca H&K Emissions of Late-type Dwarfs
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.17715

Atmospheric Circulation of High-Obliquity Mini-Neptunes
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.18606

The Role of Intrinsic Temperature and Vertical Mixing in Characterizing Sub-Neptune Atmospheres
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.18769

Probing thermal gradients of habitable-zone rocky planets as an anti-indicator of a global surface ocean using mid-infrared direct imaging
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.16575

January 26, 2026 Updates

Dynamical Constraints and Volatile Composition of the Interstellar Object 3I/ATLAS (C/2025 N1): Evidence for a Carbon-Rich Progenitor
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/399879827_Dynamical_Constraints_and_Volatile_Composition_of_the_Interstellar_Object_3IATLAS_C2025_N1_Evidence_for_a_Carbon-Rich_Progenitor

Zooming into the water snow line: High-resolution water observations of the HL Tau disk
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2026/01/aa57609-25/aa57609-25.html

The ALMA survey to Resolve exoKuiper belt Substructures (ARKS) I. Motivation, sample, data reduction, and results overview
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2026/01/aa56489-25/aa56489-25.html

The ALMA survey to Resolve exoKuiper belt Substructures (ARKS) II. The radial structure of debris discs
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2026/01/aa56450-25/aa56450-25.html

The ALMA survey to Resolve exoKuiper belt Substructures (ARKS) III. The vertical structure of debris disks
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2025/11/aa54463-25/aa54463-25.html

The ALMA survey to Resolve exoKuiper belt Substructures (ARKS) IV. CO gas imaging and overview
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2026/01/aa56605-25/aa56605-25.html

The ALMA survey to Resolve exoKuiper belt Substructures (ARKS) V. Comparison between scattered light and thermal emission
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2026/01/aa56523-25/aa56523-25.html

The ALMA survey to Resolve exoKuiper belt Substructures (ARKS) VI. Asymmetries and offsets
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2026/01/aa56568-25/aa56568-25.html

The ALMA survey to Resolve exoKuiper belt Substructures (ARKS) VII. Optically thick gas with broad CO gaussian local line profiles in the HD 121617 disc
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2026/01/aa56566-25/aa56566-25.html

The ALMA survey to Resolve exoKuiper belt Substructures (ARKS) VIII. A dust arc and non-Keplerian gas kinematics in HD 121617
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2026/01/aa56493-25/aa56493-25.html

The ALMA survey to Resolve exoKuiper belt Substructures (ARKS) IX. Gas-driven origin for the continuum arc in the debris disc of HD121617
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2026/01/aa56855-25/aa56855-25.html

SPIRou detects two planets around the nearby M4.5V star GJ 4274
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2026/01/aa57666-25/aa57666-25.html

The MATISSE view of the inner region of the RY Tau protoplanetary disk
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2026/01/aa55717-25/aa55717-25.html

How two-dimensional are planet–disc interactions? II. Radiation hydrodynamics and suitable cooling prescriptions
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2026/01/aa57399-25/aa57399-25.html

The coupled tidal evolution of the moons and spins of warm exoplanets
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2026/01/aa55433-25/aa55433-25.html

Extended Spin-Orbit Modeling of Unstable Discrete Fractional Hamiltonian Systems: Numerical Investigation of Chaotic Orbits for Mercury, Mars, Triton, and Sedna-like Trans-Neptunian Objects
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0273117726000839

OUR SOLAR SYSTEM IS WEIRD
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0262407926001533

Rare Near-opposition Alignment of 3I/ATLAS on 2026 January 22
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2515-5172/ae3a77

A mantle assist for the early geodynamo and planetary shielding
https://academic.oup.com/nsr/advance-article/doi/10.1093/nsr/nwag046/8439531?searchresult=1

Evolutions of mean distance ratios in the planetary and satellite systems under primary tides and nebular gas drag effects
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.16245

Assessing the Vera Rubin Observatory’s Ability to Discover Asteroid Impactors Before They Collide with Earth
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.16255

TOI-6692b: An eccentric 130 day period giant planet with a single transit from TESS
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.16357

Mercury-Arχes: a high-performance n-body code for planet formation studies
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.16791

The Origins of Planets for ArieL (OPAL) Key Science Project: the end-to-end planet formation campaign for the ESA space mission Ariel
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.16841

Post-Perihelion Integral Field Spectroscopy of the Interstellar Comet 3I/ATLAS
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.16983

January 23, 2026 updates

ASASSN-24fw: Candidate Gas-rich Circumsecondary Disk Occultation of a Main-sequence Star
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ae1fd9

Compositional selection of phospholipid compartments in icy environments drives the enrichment of encapsulated genetic information
https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2025/sc/d5sc04710b

Resurrected nitrogenases recapitulate canonical N-isotope biosignatures over two billion years
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-67423-y

A dual-polarization mid-infrared kinetic inductance detector with photon-noise-limited performance
https://pubs.aip.org/aip/apl/article-abstract/127/19/192602/3372143/A-dual-polarization-mid-infrared-kinetic

Regolith as a Refuge: Differential Survival of Bacteriophage Qβ in Mars-Analog Environments
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2025.12.02.691594v1

Exploring the diversity within EANA and AbGradE as mirror of the European astrobiology community
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-journal-of-astrobiology/article/exploring-the-diversity-within-eana-and-abgrade-as-mirror-of-the-european-astrobiology-community/1FC677049E6A3BA6723B32E383C59A21

Circumplanetary Disk Candidate in the Disk of HD 163296 Traced by Localized Emission from Simple Organics
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.10631

Biofilms: from the cradle of life to life support
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41522-025-00875-8

Radio Activity from the Rapidly Rotating T dwarf 2MASS 2228-4310
https://academic.oup.com/mnras/advance-article/doi/10.1093/mnras/stag085/8431331

Inverse Relationship Between Halophilic Growth and Cell Integrity Under Extremely Chaotropic Conditions
https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1177/15311074251376365

Clouds as the driver of variability and colour changes in brown dwarf atmospheres
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-025-02709-1

Validation of Structural Flux Dynamics in Interstellar Object 3I/ATLAS (SPT v1.3 — Part VII)
https://zenodo.org/records/18187161

Application of the Structural Flux Paradigm to Interstellar Object 3I/ATLAS (SPT v1.3 — Part VIII)
https://zenodo.org/records/18203345

Conway’s Game of Life as an Analogue to a Habitable World: Livingness beyond the Biological
https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.22389

Inferring Planet and Disk Parameters from Protoplanetary Disk Images Using a Variational Autoencoder
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ae22ed

The MATISSE view of the inner region of the RY Tau protoplanetary disk
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2026/01/aa55717-25/aa55717-25.html

Young M-dwarfs flare activity model: Towards better exoplanetary atmospheric characterisation
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2026/01/aa56844-25/aa56844-25.html

The 12CO gas structures of protoplanetary disks in the Upper Scorpius region
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2026/01/aa57366-25/aa57366-25.html

Perihelion Asymmetry in the Water Production Rate of the Interstellar Object 3I/ATLAS
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.15443

Evidence for stellar contamination and water absorption in NGTS-5b’s transmission spectra with GTC/OSIRIS
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.15704

Hot and cloudy: High temperature clouds in super-Earths and sub-Neptunes
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.15927

A 2 au resolution view by ALMA of the planet-hosting WISPIT 2 disk
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.15948

Modeling the Impact of Unresolved Stellar Companions on Detection Sensitivity in Kepler’s Small Planet Occurrence Rates
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.16031

A multiwavelength ALMA view of gas and dust in binary protoplanetary system AS 205: Evidence of dust asymmetric distribution
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.16202

CO Diffusion on Interstellar Amorphous Solid Water: A Computational Study
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.15057

Origins of Life: Chemistry and Evolution
https://chemrxiv.org/doi/full/10.26434/chemrxiv-2023-1jrcq-v3

An electrostatic fusion collider for interstellar propulsion
https://indico.jacow.org/event/97/contributions/11252/

From Astrobiology to Astrotoxicology: A Brief Comparison of Modern Astronomical Sciences
https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202601.1495

January 22, 2026 updates

Slowing planetary rotation influences ocean nutrient cycling and oxygenation
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adw3368

Thermodynamic Signatures and Information-Theoretic Constraints in SETI: A Multi-Messenger Approach
https://zenodo.org/records/18321485

The Plato Mission: revealing habitable planets around sun-like stars
https://link.springer.com/collections/egaaiadfdi

Core–envelope miscibility in sub-Neptunes and super-Earths
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09970-4

Life and AI at NASA: An Ethnography of How Scientists and Engineers Make Tools to Explore Other Worlds
https://research.chalmers.se/en/publication/550000

Characterising planetary systems with SPIRou: Questions about the magnetic cycle of 55 Cnc A and two new planets around B
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2026/01/aa56146-25/aa56146-25.html

TOI-333b: A Neptune-desert planet around an F7V star
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2026/01/aa57014-25/aa57014-25.html

Astronomy and Philosophy: Conceptual and Methodological Foundations and Challenges
https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/astronomy-and-philosophy/E0902803DC83606E7D5C9F87D16CC116

Rare Near-opposition Alignment of 3I/ATLAS on 2026 January 22
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2515-5172/ae3a77

Out There No One Has a Right to Die
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bioe.70083

The Enhanced Starshot Concept: Beyond Breakthrough Starshot, towards an Enhanced Framework for Interstellar Travel
https://www.oxfordjss.org/january-2026-vol-3-issue-1-1/the-enhanced-starshot-concept%3A-beyond-breakthrough-starshot%2C-towards-an-enhanced-framework-for-interstellar-travel

Interstellar Object 3I/ATLAS: An Integrated Theoretical Framework
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/399931158_Interstellar_Object_3IATLAS_An_Integrated_Theoretical_Framework

Exoplanets beyond the Conservative Habitable Zone. I. Habitability
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ae21d7

Exoplanets beyond the Conservative Habitable Zone. II. Occurrence
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ae2262

Most Hot Jupiters Were Cool Giant Planets for More Than 1 Gyr
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.14367

PyISH: Python Integral Field Spectroscopy Simulation for HWO
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.14432

SETI Observations of k-Hz Periodic Radio Signals from Five Nearby Stars with FAST at L Band
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.14630

ExoMiner++ 2.0: Vetting TESS Full-Frame Image Transit Signals
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.14877

How a Close-in Planet Protects its White Dwarf Host from Pollution
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.15005

Comparative biosignatures with systemic retrievals
https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.01512

Observation of an Accreting Planetary-Mass Companion with Signs of Disk-Disk Interaction in Orion
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.04944

January 21, 2026 updates

The Student Collaboration of the Interstellar Mapping And Acceleration Probe (IMAP) Mission: The 3UCubed CubeSat Project and Associated Space Science and Engineering Education
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11214-026-01269-8

A Nomenclature for Individual Exocomets
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11214-025-01261-8

A Study on Habitability Assessment of Kepler-22b and a Rapid Interstellar Transit Dynamics Model Based on Five-Dimensional Spacetime Manifold Folding and Nonlocal Quantum-Coherent Navigation
https://zenodo.org/records/18321666

From the Search for Extraterrestrial Life to Interstellar Civilizations: A Stepwise Logical Analysis of Astrobiological and Technological Uncertainties
https://zenodo.org/records/18321628

An interstellar energetic and non-aqueous pathway to peptide formation
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-025-02765-7

Silane–Methane Competition in Sub-Neptune Atmospheres as a Diagnostic of Metallicity and Magma Oceans
https://academic.oup.com/mnras/advance-article/doi/10.1093/mnras/stag133/8431334

A planet–host ratio relation to synthesize microlensing and transiting exoplanet demography from Roman
https://academic.oup.com/mnras/advance-article/doi/10.1093/mnras/stag088/8429605

The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence: Theory and practice
https://iopscience.iop.org/book/mono/978-0-7503-4796-9

Metrics for Optimizing Searches for Orbital Precession and Tidal Decay via Transit Timing and Occultation Timing
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ae2a23

Validation of a Third Earth-sized Planet in the TOI-2267 Binary System
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ae2be9

Outward Migration of a Gas Accreting Planet: A Semianalytical Formula
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ae2612

Concurrent Accretion and Migration of Giant Planets in their Natal Disks with Consistent Accretion Torque. II. Parameter Survey and Condition for Outward Migration
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ae261a

On the Importance of Geometry in Exoplanet Irradiation: Implications for the Day–Night Contrast
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ae29ea

Evaluating Star–Planet Interactions with Zeeman Doppler Imaging: Case Study in YZ Ceti
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ae2619

JWST Exoplanetary Worlds and Elemental Survey (JEWELS). I. High-precision Chemical Abundances of 20 FGK Planet-hosting Stars from JWST Cycle 2
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4365/ae2a29

Machine learning for the prioritization of Dyson sphere candidates
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0957417426001466

Sonification of Exoplanet Transit Light Curves from the Kepler Mission
https://www.scholarlyreview.org/article/154963-sonification-of-exoplanet-transit-light-curves-from-the-kepler-mission

Orbital Stability of Closely-Spaced Four-planet Systems
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.11692

Exoplanet atmospheres and demographics in the 2040s
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.11695

Habitable Worlds Observatory’s Concept and Technology Maturation: Initial Feasibility and Trade Space Exploration
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.11803

Interior dynamics of envelopes around disk-embedded planets
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.12074

Revisiting the exoplanet radius valley with host stars from SWEET-Cat
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.12396

Observational Signatures of Planetary Tidal Disruption Events Around Solar-Mass Stars
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.12501

Analytic Modeling of Tidally Locked Rocky Planet Atmospheres Across Dynamical Regimes
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.12556

BOWIE-ALIGN: Sub-solar C/O ratio and metallicity atmosphere of the misaligned hot Jupiter HAT-P-30b
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.13104

Toward Reliable Interpretations of Small Exoplanet Compositions: Comparisons and Considerations of Equations of State and Materials Used in Common Rocky Planet Models
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.13176

The Occurrence Rate of Nearby Planetary Companions to Hot Jupiters
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.13302

Four Cold Super-Jupiters Revealed by Extended and Complex Microlensing Signals
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.13450

Architectures of Exoplanetary Systems. IV: A Multi-planet Model for Reproducing the Radius Valley and Intra-system Size Similarity of Planets around Kepler’s FGK Dwarfs
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.13480

Follow-up of three exocomet-host candidates
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.13850

Discovery and characterisation of two exoplanets orbiting the metal-poor, solar-type star TOI-5788 with TESS, CHEOPS, and HARPS-N
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.14045

Pre-computed aerosol extinction, scattering and asymmetry grids for scalable atmospheric retrievals
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.14177

The PAIRS project: a global formation model for planets in binaries. I. Effect of disc truncation on the growth of S-type planets
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.14214

The PAIRS project: a global formation model for planets in binaries. II. Gravitational perturbation effects from secondary stars
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.14215

Using observations of escaping H/He to constrain the atmospheric composition of sub-Neptunes
https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.14254

On the importance of geometry in exoplanet irradiation : Implications for the day-night contrast
https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.15021

An Improved Machine Learning Approach for Radio Frequency Interference Mitigation in FAST-SETI Survey Archival Data
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.15809